ALS Riddle Unravels: Microglia's Dual Role in Neuron Death and Survival
A foundational 2016 Nature study revealed that specialized brain immune cells, known as microglia, can actively destroy crucial motor neurons in a mouse model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) by using specific cellular antennae called TAM receptors. This groundbreaking discovery shifted our understanding, showing that microglia are not just passive cleanup crew, but can turn into active destroyers of neurons, a role that is still being intensely studied in 2026. However, recent research in 2025 and 2026 paints a more complex picture, suggesting these very cells also have protective roles, making their overall contribution to ALS progression a critical and evolving area of focus for scientists.

















